Quality plaing can be done on various metals using a process known as electroplating. The basic principle is that
metals transfer from an anode to a cathode.
The anode has a positive charge, and the cathode has a negative charge. The negatively charged metal object causes a
molecular imbalance that seeks positive ions that are present in the anode material. If the anode material is Silver,
then the silver molecules travel to the metal on the cathode, thus plating the metal with the silver. You can accomplish
this in a crude manner at home with copper pipe as a cathode, something silver(old solid silver spoon, etc) as an anode, white
vinegar, and a small DC power supply. It will not plate evenly, or very thick, but it makes a neat science experiment.
What makes a professional system better than a "home
kit?"
-The preparation process.
Items must be stripped perfectly clean for plating to be strong. This can be very involved and time consuming!
-Cleanliness of process. Only Distilled water is used and extreme
caution is taken to not contaminate any steps of the process.
-Activation
of metal prior to plating. This helps etch the surface for better adhesion.
-Electroplating solution. Very carefully developed to provide quality and maximum transfer
of material from anode to cathode. This is where Cyanide was used on traditional systems, and the newest alkaline systems
have improved the quality and are MUCH safer for the environment. During plating, Hydrogen gas bubbles created can stay on
the metal surface and pit the finish. This must also be dealt with using a filtration and agitation system in the plating
tank.
-Current Control. This is another crucial
part of the process. Voltage needs to be low, but Amperage(Current) needs to be extremely well regulated. One
amp per 16 square inches of coverage (4"X4" surface) Plating can burn or not transfer effectively depending
on variables.
